November 2025 (A summary of observations)

1 November

November got off to a good start with a visit to Thompson Water on the 1st. where an excellent count of 294+ Mallard and 47+ Gadwall on the water. Smaller numbers of wildfowl included 10 Shoveler, 4 Teal, 3 Greylag Geese and 7 Mute Swans. A single Great White Egret was present and wading in the shallows as well as stealthily walking over surface weed.  One Little Grebe was on the water and a single Snipe circled.  At least 3 Cetti's Warblers were singing, a Crossbill passed over, and a very impressive 5 Ravens together seen overflying the water and into the training area.   A single Stonechat was in low cover on the far side of the water and one Mistle Thrush also present.  Of interest was 3 Blackbirds high in trees with Fieldfares, these were probable migrant birds.

A single Sparrowhawk was seen over Watton and a Red Kite was over Shipdham.

Great White Egret at Thompson Water

2 November

Some time spent on the Peddars Way north of the village of Little Cressingham where the country is quite rolling with some commanding views over this vast landscape.

A single Goshawk betrayed its presence by the disorganised and rapid departure of many Wood Pigeons.

Thrush species dominated with 400+ Fieldfares present, also 4+ Mistle Thrushes high in 'stagshead' branches of tall Oaks where they typically sat even during poor weather conditions.  A single Stonechat was seen in typical open country habitat of ground covering scrub and bushes, and overhead a single Crossbill passed over and was singing.  A small flock of 12 Golden Plovers passed over.

5 November

Following my arrival at Wretham Heath I firstly wanted to check the large heath east of the main road, this is classic habitat for Great Grey Shrike, no sign, however, a pair of Stonechats were seen in open heathland.  

This visit to Wretham Heath saw some changes from recent visits with Langmere having no water in it, I therefore went onto to spend some time at Ringmere where 101+ Mallard, 77+ Teal, 2 Gadwall, and 4 Little Grebes also seen.  A Sparrowhawk entered woodland.

6 November

A visit to Thompson Water was productive with 298+ Mallard and 58+ Gadwall on the water. A single Great White Egret was again present and Water Rail was present.  Overhead, 3 Crossbills passed over as did a Lesser Redpoll.  At least 3 singing Cetti's Warblers heard.

Water Rail at Thompson Water (Heard more than seen)

10 November

Hilborough.  A visit to heathland where I encountered some of heaviest crops of Blackthorn (Sloes) and Hawthorn I have ever seen.  It goes without saying that both Redwings and Fieldfares were present in good numbers and feeding upon the bounty of berries.  A large arrival of 200+ Chaffinches seen which included some Bramblings too, at least two were stunning ♂♂ with bright orange scapulars and bright breasts.  Overhead a Woodlark was singing and in the very top of a tall pine a single ♂ Crossbill was alert, watching its surroundings and calling.

 

11 November

Merton.  A particularly memorable day with my largest ever count of Stock Doves (200+) at a very large maize game strip.

15 November

Thompson Water. Another good visit with 44 species recorded. A good count of 277+ Mallard on the water, also an arrival of 35+ Teal.  Two Goosanders (♂♂) arrived on the water and remained for a while before departing.  Goosanders are scarce winter visitors at the water with most seen in harsh weather.

A Goshawk was seen on a couple of occasions, a lucky Wood Pigeon escaped the clutches of the talons and flew off tail-less.  A few Redwings seen in the top of some Birch trees along with 8+ Blackbirds which were undoubtedly migrant birds.  At least 8 Crossbills were present.

Goosander on Thompson Water 15 November

16 November

Thompson. I visited a large area of land which has been acquired by The Woodland Trust, notable sightings included 300+ Linnets wandering grassland, 100+ Skylarks, an arrival of 3 Woodlarks, lots of Meadow Pipits, 150+ Starlings, and two Stonechats.

19 November

Thompson Water.  A excellent 4 singing Cetti's Warblers recorded on this visit.  Good numbers of uncounted Mallard on the water and a single ♀ Wigeon seen. A Goshawk drifted overhead spooking Wood Pigeons.  100+ Redwings present in the damp woodland carr habitat, also two Bullfinches in a thicket where also two Marsh Tits present.  A single Stonechat in reedbed scrub and 3+ Crossbills overhead.

25 November

Cley Marshes and Salthouse. Visited these beautiful areas with my dear friend Darren Cowles. Skeins of several hundreds of Pink-footed Geese seen throughout our visit, however, dawn saw some spectacular numbers of Geese rising from the marsh and departing inland.  5+ Marsh Harriers were seen over the marshes where they often displaced many duck species.  Bearded Tits were heard on a couple of occasions, but not seen.  

At Salthouse, a short stop at a roadside pond and marsh produced a pair of Pintail, two Shoveler, Mallard, Moorhen, and a single Water Rail calling and seen moving between cover.

28 November

Wayland Wood. A visit to the wood with my friend Darren Cowles produced an overhead and calling Raven.  The wood also held Great Spotted and Green Woodpeckers, Nuthatches, Treecreeper, Goldcrest, and at least 4 Bullfinches.

30 November

Thompson Common. A walk around the common produced a ♂ Sparrowhawk passing low and at speed between cover.  Two Ravens passed over the common and calling, some interaction between the two birds was seen including chasing.  One ♂ Tawny Owl called a few times from dense cover. Two Bullfinches were seen in typically bushy habitat and in the damp Birch and Alder woodland many Siskins seen along with 6+ Lesser Redpolls feeding in the Birch trees.

Lesser Redpoll. At least 6 birds feeding in Birch trees

Wayland Wood (A woodland under threat)

 It has recently come to my attention that a further detrimental impact to our countryside and wildlife is under significant threat of harm, I am talking about the nationally important Wayland Wood, a very important SSSI  which has been existence for thousands of years but is now under threat from a 300 residential housing development plan.  I recently attended an informal meeting chaired by Tina Kiddell  (Breckland Councillor) , the meeting was attended by my good friends Sarah Lister, Darren Cowles, Clare Talbot, and Thomas (NWT).  We were presented with plans for developments in the Watton area which also highlighted the siting of the planned development at Wayland Wood.

We accept the need for housing, however, our concerns lie with the proximity of the planned development to Wayland Wood.  It is inconceivable that anyone with a conscience would consider building homes so close to the wood, a development would not be aesthetically pleasing, and the disturbance including noise and light pollution would alter the character of Wayland Wood forever, also the negative impact upon habitats and wildlife in the wood would be altered significantly for the first time in its several thousand year existence, all with the stroke of a pen by people who have no concerns for their actions upon wildlife.

1. Development plan for Watton 

Picture 1. This picture shows the development plan for Watton. Wayland Wood is the large green area at the bottom of the map. The blue area is the proposed site for 300 homes. Just look at the proximity of the blue area is to the north and north-western boundary of Wayland Wood.

It just seems inconceivable that anyone with good sense would allow such a plan to be drawn up.

As I wrote earlier, we accept that here is a need for housing but we do not accept that this is at the cost of our ever diminishing wildlife.  At the informal meeting we discussed the need for a buffer zone in order to safeguard the remaining valuable wildlife. In the next picture (2) I have provided an aerial view of Wayland Wood, beyond the NW boundary of the wood you will see a natural corridor which we have suggested forms a buffer between the wood and the planned development as a means to protect and safeguard the under threat wildlife.

2. Aerial view of Wayland Wood showing the natural wildlife/habitat corridor NW of the woodland boundary.

Wayland Wood is a vitally important site for habitats, plant life, and birds, I highlight one particular bird which occurs in Wayland Wood, the Woodcock, a ground-nesting bird which has undergone a significant fall in numbers with 35% of the population lost since 2000.  This species is sensitive to disturbance and the increase in the human population, dog walkers, noise, and light pollution, will only serve to further reduce numbers of the highly threatened Woodcock.  Wayland Wood is also home to common species such as Woodpeckers, Nuthatch, and in the summer months, Warblers which visit us from Africa. The Nightingale is now lost as a breeding species from Wayland Wood, increased human population probably has not helped here either.

Wayland Wood is also home to the Yellow Star of Bethlehem, this is the only site in Norfolk where this special plant grows.  

I have noticed with the increase in human population in the Watton area the problem of rubbish dumping in the wood has increased, this will undoubtedly continue to increase as the population grows.

Important

A council meeting is to be held at Queen's Hall in Watton on Friday 5 December 2025 at 1830hrs, I would urge anyone interested and indeed concerned about these development plans attend the meeting to show their support for Wayland Wood.  We also need answers from the council/planners/developers as to how they will safeguard Wayland Wood and the wildlife which calls it home.

Please contact me for further information at:

paulnewport2810@gmail.com  

Cley Marshes and Salthouse 25 November 2025 (with Darren Cowles)

0600 I was picked up by my dear friend Darren Cowles for a trip to Cley Marshes and arrived at the car park off the coast road at 0645.  A mixture of weather seen today included variable cloud, some threatening and eventually with rain, we also had bright and sunny weather. The main feature of the weather was the strong northerly wind and with the tide being high, some dramatic waves with some breaching of the shingle sea wall. Looking east along the beach the spray was driven inland to form a beautiful sea mist.

Immediately upon our arrival at the car park at 0645 Darren and I were greeted by the expected but stunning views of many hundreds of Pink-footed Geese rising up from the marsh and heading off inland to feed, not only great visually but audibly too.  A Cetti's Warbler was singing close to the coast road.  Overviewing the marsh before we set off saw hunting Marsh Harriers.

Heading off east along the path alongside the coast road saw a hunting Kestrel close to the roadside. We turned off the path to make for Bishop's Hide, a small bush held a single Reed Bunting and from the hide we saw a small spring of Teal and a single Shelduck.  Having departed the hide we heard the beautiful 'pinging' call of a number of Bearded Tits, but they remained unseen.

We reached East Bank for the long walk north to the beach where we walked into the strong wind. A check of Salthouse Marsh to the east saw a number of grazing Wigeon and in a nearby pool a single Little Grebe frequently plopped under water.  Further along East Bank a single Grey Heron stood motionless on the marsh.

As Darren and I continued along East Bank we often stopped to look back at the further skeins of Pink-footed Geese rising up and heading off inland.  About 6 Brent Geese also seen.

As we were on East Bank and with the light behind us we had further lovely views of hunting Marsh Harriers. A check of some pools further roosting Wigeon and a few Shelduck too.

We reached the shingle sea wall and spent a few minutes watching the very rough sea and big waves, some of which breached the sea wall with sea spray being driven inland on the strong northerly wind, dramatic but beautiful to watch.  

Myself and Darren returned for a slow walk south along East Bank with the wind now thankfully behind us. Few additional birds were seen on the return walk, other than 3 Little Grebes on a channel on Salthouse Marsh. As we approached the second half of the path we saw 3 Red Kites typically using their skills to remain on a steady course in the strong wind.  At the end of East Bank a single Grey Wagtail was seen and another Cetti's Warbler was heard singing. The walk west along the path to our earlier starting location saw a Buzzard low over fields. 

Having spent a great early morning visit on Cley Marshes, we decided to travel the short distance east to Salthouse. It was here where a very threatening black cloud mass out to sea was to bring someone rain.

At Salthouse Darren and I watched one of my favourite ducks, a stunning Pintail, a very smart duck.  Also a few Mallard, a couple of Shoveler, Moorhen, and a Water Rail were all seen within a small area of marsh and pools. We did have an encounter with a Mute Swan who became quite close and personal, and took a few bites of my camera lens along with the odd hiss, but once he knew he was getting nothing from us he waddled back into a nearby pool.

 

Pintail (a stunning male) at Salthouse was one of a pair seen.

A beautiful male Shoveler

Following our visit to this part of the North Norfolk Coast Darren and myself went for a delicious breakfast and a pot of tea in Cromer.

Finally, I wish to thank my dear friend Darren for taking me this morning to Cley Marshes. Thank you Darren 💖

Thompson (Woodland Trust site) 16 November 2025

 Rather annoyingly I slept in late this morning, I rarely sleep in and for me waking up at just after 0800, well, the day is over as I generally like to be out long before sunrise. I thought to myself that there was no point hurrying now so I took my time to have my first coffee of the morning and I eventually left home at around 0945.

Almost 300 acres of land at Thompson is now in the ownership of the Woodland Trust, the transformation of farmland into broadleaved woodland is currently in its very early days, and the habitat as it presents now is of open country with wide woodland rides. The land intended for tree planting is at the current time fields of short grasses and weeds which is well suited to Larks and Finches.  There is a long and mixed hedgerow alongside a footpath and there are peripheral fields intended for grazing.

My visit this morning began with a diminutive Goldcrest foraging in a hedge of Ivy, a very active little bird in its search for food.  

A long and mixed hedgerow alongside a footpath held lots of birds, as did the surrounding fields. An initial view from distance revealed lots of Linnets in the fields, the numbers eventually would be very notable.  As I slowly approached this open habitat I saw an estimated 300+ Linnets wandering the fields, many would use the hedgerow to drop down to a puddle where they would bathe.  There was probably in excess of 100+ Skylarks present along with good numbers of Meadow Pipits and 150+ Starlings too.

Meadow Pipit 16 November 2025

A very welcome 3 Woodlarks passed by and alighted on an area of grassland, the habitat as it looks at the current time is well suited to this species.   Just a single Reed Bunting was seen in a hedgerow.

I made my way to a large grass field with lots of tall weeds and patches of ground covering scrub, here I searched for Stonechat and eventually found a distant ♂ bird typically perched on the topmost parts of weeds.  

Walking back along the long hedgerow the impressive very large flock of Linnets continued to wander the fields with both Skylarks and Meadow Pipits.  Also in the hedgerow my second Stonechat of the morning used the topmost part of a hedge and fencing to watch from.

Having got back to my start point I thought having that unintended lay in wasn't so bad after all given the wonderful birdlife I encountered.  

Thompson Water 15 November 2025

 Following yesterdays heavy and persistent rainfall, the short drive from my home to Thompson Water saw much surface water on the roads and some tree debris too.  It was dull and grey at dawn, and in fact it remained this way for the day with poor quality light and at times reduced visibility due to light rain and drizzle.  The wind was a moderate easterly.

I arrived at Thompson Water at 0700, some 16 minutes prior to sunrise, the immediate damp woodland carr here held many calling Blackbirds, a Marsh Tit, and a mobile flock of Long-tailed Tits which also included a further two Marsh Tits, Blue Tits, and two Goldcrests.

Once at the waterside it was apparent that Mallard (277+) were present in good  numbers, along with about 10 Shoveler, many Gadwall, and several Teal which in included an arrival of 35+ of this diminutive duck.  About 10 Wigeon were present and occasionally the beautiful whistle-like call was heard.  Two Grey Herons were standing motionless in the shallows and in the reedbed scrub at least 3 Cetti's Warblers were singing and a Water Rail called.  

A sudden clatter of wings and the erratic departure of many Wood Pigeons immediately indicated to me the presence of a raptor. looking beyond the Pigeons I saw a Goshawk leisurely pass from left to right before disappearing silently out of sight.  

At around sunrise (although quite dark due to cloud cover), the first of a number of Crossbills were seen with a bird passing directly overhead calling it distinctive hard and repeated "chip" call.  Crossbills were seen or heard throughout the visit either passing overhead or perched in the top of tall conifers.

Another encounter between a ♀ Goshawk and Wood Pigeons was seen, a similar scenario as before with an erratic departure of pigeons, this was followed by the Goshawk singling out a Wood Pigeon which was missing its tail, the pigeon had a lucky escape and lived to fly another day.

The highlight of the morning was the arrival of 2 ♂♂ Goosanders onto the water, these stunning sawbills were quite conspicuous amongst the other duck species with their initial black and white appearance and large size, however, watching these beautiful birds the main features noted was the very dark, glossy green head which is clearly demarcated from the white neck and the slim bill which has a tiny hook at the tip. The breast and underparts are white with just a hint of a pinkish flush.  The back was black. The Goosanders would keep to the surface of the water and occasionally would submerge their heads to look for food. 

Male Goosanders on Thompson Water 15 November 2025

Thrushes were well represented by several Redwings, a single Fieldfare eating berries in a Hawthorn, Song Thrush, Mistle Thrush, and 10+ Blackbirds high in Birch trees with Redwings, clearly these Blackbirds were migrants from Northern Europe.

Finally, it was good to meet up with friend Sarah Harris and her beautiful dog 'Digger', Sarah as recently taken up the position of editor for the British Birds journal. Well done Sarah 👍

Thompson Water 6 November 2025 (0700-0930)

A stunning red sky greeted me at dawn at Thompson Water, that was it for any brightness as the rest of the visit saw full cloud with light rain and poor light quality, but it was very mild.

My aim at Thompson this morning was to carry out a wildfowl count as this site traditionally holds good numbers of common duck species. My count was as follows:

7 Mute Swan

2 Egyptian Geese

298+ Mallard

58+ Gadwall

10+ Shoveler

Teal (uncounted)

The Mallard count was very good and I expect this to increase as winter progresses, my top count for this species here at Thompson is 322+ birds.

Great White Egret at Thompson Water 6 November 2025

Also present at Thompson was a single Great White Egret wading in the shallows and carefully making its way over Water Soldier.  The Egret was often harrassed by a Grey Heron.  At least 3 Cetti's Warblers were singing in reedbed scrub habitat where a Water Rail called.

In the damp woodland carr habitat a mobile flock of Long-tailed Tits included Blue, Great, and Coal Tits, and up to 4 Goldcrests too. At least 5 Blackbirds were seen feeding in Hawthorn and overhead 3 Crossbills and a single Redpoll passed over, also, an arrival of 12 Lapwings seen. 

Wretham Heath 5 November 2025

 The large Wretham Heath Norfolk Wildlife Trust reserve between Watton and Thetford on the A1075 road is without doubt one of my favourite locations for birding.  All seasons hold interest at Wretham but the heath at this time of year has an indescribable beauty to it with stunning autumnal colours which simply take ones breath away.

I arrived at Wretham at 0735 and straight away saw both Goldfinches and Long-tailed Tits in the scattered Hawthorns.  My plan this morning was to check the large expanse of open heathland with scattered Hawthorns for Great Grey Shrike, all I managed was a couple of Fieldfares and two Stonechats.  The landscape and habitat here is well suited to Great Grey Shrikes and occasionally in winter this stunning bird is seen atop of Hawthorns.

I then walked along Harling Drove with a visit to Ringmere planned, on route along the track at least 3 Crossbills passed over calling.  A ♂ Great Spotted Woodpecker spent a few minutes on the topmost spray of a tall Larch, also here was a couple of Blue Tits and Coal Tit. A Skylark passed over. A few small flocks of Redwings passed over with the largest flock seen of 20+ birds.

Walking to Ringmere I was struck by the incredible autumn colours of Beech and Birch trees, I also noted Blackthorns had very heavy crops of Sloes, possibly the most I have seen for a few years.

Beech and Birch woodland on Wretham Heath 5 November 2025

Blackthorn scrub (with heavy Sloe crop) on Wretham Heath 5 November 2025. 

 

Hornbeams on Wretham Heath

Historically, Wretham Heath was the Hawfinch capital of Norfolk, in his book 'Breckland Ramblings', the late local naturalist, George Jessup writes of the witnessing of three-figure totals of Hawfinches arriving at Wretham to roost, this was probably in the 1940's and 50's.  I ask, what's the betting that the long avenue of Hornbeams in the above picture played host to the magnificent Hawfinch.

It was whilst walking through this area that a further 5 Crossbills passed directly overhead and calling, although not confirmed these birds appeared to descend towards a small area of water known as Fenmere possibly to drink. 

Fenmere, a hidden gem.

 
I remained at Fenmere for a while and although I saw nothing here, just being at this wonderful site allows one to take in the primeval feel of this small mere.  

Nearby, a larger, circular body of water called Ringmere was the site of the 'Battle of Ringmere' which occurred on 5 May in the year 1010 between the Anglo-Saxons and the Danes. To be at this site on a misty morning certainly evokes thoughts of what has passed at this site throughout the previous millennium.

Ringmere - the site of the 'Battle of Ringmere' on 5 May 1010

Back to the present day at Ringmere and birds seen were Mallard (101+), Teal (77), Gadwall (2), and Tufted Duck (4).  4 Little Grebes were seen and often diving. A Sparrowhawk flew into the trees in the right of the picture. Hawthorn and Blackthorn scrub near Ringmere saw a single Goldcrest passing through and in a nearby thicket a noisy Marsh Tit was seen. 

Walking back over open heathland I was reminded of the importance of Rabbits on the heath, the presence of these mammals is essential for maintaining the heath for the benefit of specialised plant species, to prevent scrub encroachment, and to keep the heath grazed for the benefits of rare species such as the enigmatic Stone Curlew.   

A summary of observations for October 2025

August through to November is the most eagerly awaited for time of year in the birding calendar. August sees the first indications of bird migration and September sees the greatest movement of departing summer visitors. October however sees incredible movements of birds, many summer visitors remain but in lesser numbers, however, the main feature of bird migration is Thrush passage with Scandinavian species abandoning their breeding grounds to find good feeding and warmth further south, including here on my local Brecks patch. Bird species we are talking about here are Redwings, Fieldfare, Song Thrushes, and Blackbirds, it is these species which can provide spectacular overhead passage both by day and by night. I have seen thousands of these Thrushes pass over in a single morning, often, many will drop into berry laden hedgerows to plunder the berries before moving on. Other bird families to be looking for in October includes Pipits, notably Meadow Pipits which winter with us from their breeding grounds in upland Britain. The arrival of Finches from Scandinavia can present in spectacular numbers with Bramblings, Siskins, Redpoll, and Crossbills being the sought after species by birders.

Further afield to the south-west, most especially in the Scilly Isles, and following Atlantic storms, the islands play host to rarities from the Americas including stunning Warblers along with other storm driven species.

Closer to home on my Breckland patch the following is a highlight of observations and species seen throughout October 2025.

2 October Little Cressingham. My first local field trip in October was to be a productive one, I visited the Watton Brook valley on the Great Cressingham Road, as soon as I arrived I saw 5 Red Kites perched together in a dead Oak, of these, two were juvenile birds. Nearby, I saw my first winter Thrush species of the autumn, two Redwings, a beautiful but small Thrush with a striking head pattern and a reddish patch on its flanks which gives the bird its name. Using my scope to check the distant valley I could see 5 Meadow Pipits on fencing along Watton Brook, these were probably newly arrived migrants from Northern Britain. Stonechats were also present in the valley. At least 10 Carrion Crows were noisily calling in woodland, it appeared they were directing their anger at a raptor species, my suspicions proved correct, a Goshawk flew from the wood, these noisy Crows kept a keen eye on the Goshawk as they appear on its menu at times. Lastly, a small flock of 4 Crossbills (including two males) dropped into Watton Brook to drink, as they flew off the brick red plumage and stunning crimson rump of the male Crossbills was seen.

5 October. This was a windy day, however, the remnants of storm Amy which passed through on 4 October had left its mark with plenty of debris laying around including some sizeable branches. This morning I visited a game strip at Little Cressingham which I know would be reliable for Finch species, here, I saw an estimated 70+ Chaffinches and 80+ Linnets which were attracted to weed seeds for feeding. Overhead 3 Crossbills passed over calling.

8 October. I revisited the large game strip at Little Cressingham where Chaffinches were increasing with 97+ birds present, an added bonus was a single ♀ Brambling, a Northern European Finch which is a winter visitor here. Overhead, another Breckland speciality seen, a singing Woodlark.

Brambling. A stunning Finch from Scandinavia

9 October. A visit to The Arms area saw 2 Woodlarks (included a singing ♂) and 3 Crossbills sitting in the very tops of tall conifers near the Clermont estate.

12 October. A very productive visit to Thompson Water saw 142+ Mallard on the water and 3 singing Cetti’s Warblers heard in reedbed scrub. A Green Sandpiper was seen and 4 Woodlarks were overhead. Two Ravens passed overhead and a male Marsh Harrier was seen. Summer visitors were still in evidence with a single Chiffchaff in woodland and a House Martin over the water. Also seen in the water was two Otters and distantly, roaring Red Deer stags were heard.

13 October. An early morning visit to The Arms at Little Cressingham began with an overflying Goshawk at dawn. Several winter Thrushes were passing overhead and a single Great White Egret headed north.

14 October. At least 3 Woodlarks were seen in The Arms area along with a single Chiffchaff in a nearby hedgerow. 4 Crossbills low overhead and calling headed west.

16 October. Two Ravens flew directly overhead at Little Cressingham and lighted in the tops of tall pines where exceptional views of this huge crow were had.

18 October. A fantastic mornings visit to Cranberry Rough which began with a calling Goshawk at dawn. Two Ravens passed over and two Marsh Harriers also seen. Finch species dominated with 60+ Siskins, two Redpoll, and 37+ Crossbills seen. This is turning into a great autumn for Crossbills.

An excellent morning on 18 October for Crossbills

19 October The Arms. A good morning for watching passage Fieldfare and Redwings with some dropping into hedgerows to feed upon Hawthorn berries. Impressive numbers of Finches seen at a large game strip included 250+ Chaffinches, 100+ Linnets, and at least 7 Bramblings too with one a particularly brightly coloured ♂ with orange scapulars and breast.

20 October Thompson Water. A Great White Egret was wading in the shallows, this is a beautiful, large, white Egret which appears very stately and elegant as it moves stealthily in its search for food. An excellent count of 242+ Mallard on the water was rather impressive. In a small area of Birch woodland and Hawthorn scrub an arrival of winter Thrushes was evident with 60+ Redwings, Fieldfare, and 6+ Blackbirds, all of which probably had Northern European origins.

21 October Hilborough. I decided upon a walk around the churchyard at Hilborough and to enjoy the views over parkland. Looking through the tall trees within the park I saw a Peregrine on a branch feeding upon a Pigeon. Although distant I had superb views through my telescope of this impressive raptor.

22 October Foulden. I parked up alongside the Foulden Road to check the large fields when I saw a disorganised and rapid departure of many Wood Pigeons from woodland, I straight away knew a raptor was present, my suspicions were confirmed when a Goshawk flew at speed from the woodland, singled out a Wood Pigeon, chased it and easily caught the Pigeon, a hearty breakfast. Also seen here was 150+ Skylarks, Woodlark, a ♀ Stonechat, and many Redwings which were attracted to Hawthorn and Buckthorn to feed upon berries.

27 October Thompson Water. A good morning for wildfowl on the water with an excellent 250 Mallard and 64+ Gadwall counted.  At least 3 singing Cetti's Warblers heard and a single Chiffchaff was seen and heard in waterside woodland. A Great White Egret was wading in the shallows in its search for food. Two Ravens passed overhead.

Great White Egret at Thompson Water 27 October

30 October Wretham and Thetford.  A work day today and whilst at Wretham a good count of 300+ Lapwings passed low between farmland.  In Thetford (Cloverfields) a Sparrowhawk passed high overhead.

31 October Barford, Norfolk. The final bird of the month was a single Woodcock overflying the village at dusk, a beautiful silhouetted view of this enigmatic species.

A pictorial guide to my walk at South Pickenham and Great Cressingham 4 October 2025

Saturday the 4th October was very windy with a strong to very strong westerly blow.  The day began with wall to wall sunshine, however, cloud did build as the morning progressed.

The wind strength affected birding with only sheltered sides of woodland producing birds, therefore, I have decided for this post to give a pictorial guide to my 5 mile walk.

Beginning at All Saint's Church in South Pickenham I walked west along Church Road and then onto a track through farmland known as Heath Road.  This first long section of my walk took me through very typical but spectacular Breckland landscapes, big skies, very light sandy soil both mature deciduous and conifer woodland, and large fields of arable.

1. Walking west away from South Pickenham along Heath Road

Having walked through mature woodland I was greeted by some stunning views over typical Breckland farming country as seen in picture (1) above.  To the right of the woodland you can make out the huge turbines on the former North Pickenham airfield.

A little further along this path I walked by a mature block of Pine woodland, the sheltered side saw a mixed flock of Long-tailed Tits, Coal Tits, Blue Tits, and two Marsh Tits moving through the woodland edge to locate food.

2. Walking west alongside a mixed hedgerow

The long hedgerow shown in picture (2) offered some respite from the very strong wind, little was seen due to the wind strength although I did hear a calling Yellowhammer in the hedge.

3. Walking west along the path I eventually reached this lovely old WW2 air raid shelter.

4. The air raid shelter showing the blast walls on the left of the structure.

Continuing west along the track I came across a stand of typical Breckland tree species, the beautiful Scots Pine, and on the opposite side of the track was a number of fine Hawthorns along with plenty of Blackthorn which had a heavy crop of the beautiful purple sloe fruits. Now we are into October it won't be long before winter Thrush species, Redwings, Fieldfares, Blackbirds, and Song Thrushes, arrive from Scandinavia to plunder the berries from these bushes.

5. Another beautiful Breckland scene of Scots Pines and some fine Hawthorns and Blackthorn.

 Beyond the Scots Pines seen in picture (5) I turned south to walk some trails which would eventually take me to Great Cressingham Wood, but before reaching this wood I did hear a Chiffchaff in woodland, also a Buzzard flew off and 6 Egyptian Geese passed over, driven quickly along by the wind.

6. A large game strip which will support songbird survival in winter.

Game strips, as seen in picture (6) is an important habitat for supporting songbird survival.  Birds to expect at these habitats includes Chaffinches, Bramblings, Linnets, Goldfinches, Yellowhammers, and Reed Buntings, and of course, where you have such a gathering of birds, inevitably, Sparrowhawks will be seen.

7. Looking NW along the track leading to Great Cressingham Wood.

As you can see in picture (7) the cloud has built somewhat from the earlier very bright conditions. I am looking back from whence I came in this picture, the track, although wet today, is in dry and hot weather, essentially sand, a typical Breckland soil type.  This exposed landscape did not stop a couple of Red Kites searching the land for food items, I never tire of their ability to use the wind to their advantage, their turning tail and altering wing movements keeping them on a steady course.

Also noted in the above landscape today was a number of Skylarks and Meadow Pipits, and in the weedy track sides a few Goldfinches visited to feed.

Back onto a metalled surface I walked the long South Pickenham Road NE towards the end of visit and entering mature woodland of Beech and Oak, two Marsh Tits were seen, bringing my total for this declining species today to four birds.

8. All Saint's Church at South Pickenham

 At the end of my 5 mile walk I reached my final destination, the fine 12th century All Saint's Church at South Pickenham.  This beautiful church is surrounded by mature woodland of Oak and Beech, also some fine Holly specimens occur whilst in the churchyard a fine old Yew tree grows as well as peripheral Oak and Beech specimens.

The sheltered churchyard and woodland was my most productive for birds this morning with a mobile flock of Long-tailed Tits passing through the churchyard and into surrounding woodland, these birds were joined by several Blue Tits and Coal Tits, two Treecreepers and Nuthatch.  The lovely old Yew in the far left in picture (8) saw two Goldcrests foraging and offering cracking views, of this, our smallest bird species.
 

A review of observations for September 2025

What an exciting month for birding September is, this is a pivotal month for migration with the departures of summer migrants and the arrivals of the first winter visitors. Departing summer visitors can turn up almost anywhere, I always marvel at how species such as Warblers defend their territories in the breeding season but in autumn become more sociable in their behaviour, for example, a typically seen behaviour for me in autumn is finding a number of Blackcaps or Whitethroats feeding in one Elder bush, sometimes with a Reed Warbler as well, all of these birds are just interested in feeding upon berries to fuel their migration to the Mediterranean basin or further south into Africa. 

September also sees the arrival of the first winter Thrushes from Scandinavia, these species are Fieldfare, Redwing, Song Thrush, and Blackbirds, all of which abandon their breeding grounds in Scandinavia to seek milder conditions and food.  Similarly, winter Finches such as Bramblings, Siskins, and Redpolls abandon their breeding areas in Scandinavia due to food scarcity and harsh winter weather, all three of these species occur on my Breckland patch in winter.

September 2025 (A Review of observations)

A good start to the month on the 1st with a Yellow Wagtail at Bodney, also one Grey Wagtail and a single Willow Warbler in an elder where berries were consumed.

The 2nd of the month began clear and cool, it's beginning to feel like autumn. A visit to Threxton produced a flock of 70+ Linnets wandering a large game strip. A Hobby overflew in a westerly beading. A check of a field boundary hedge saw a very smart looking Lesser Whitethroat in an elder.  Nearby a hedgerow held 3+ Whitethroats and in a ditch an elusive Sedge Warbler was seen in dense cover.

Later the same morning a Marsh Harrier was seen high over Saham in a more or less southerly heading.

The 6th of the month saw an interesting series of events in Little Cressingham beginning with a ♀ Marsh Harrier flushing and chasing a Partridge, the Harrier was then chased by a Goshawk, the two raptors appeared to have a little tussle, the Goshawk broke off and flew into an Oak and the Marsh Harrier resumed hunting.

Evidence of visual migration seen with two Yellow Wagtails overhead in a southerly heading.  A single Whinchat was seen on fencing at a field boundary.   

Migrant Reed Warbler at Threxton 8 September

A visit to Threxton on the 8th was productive for migrants.  I decided to visit a roadside woodland which at its boundary has plentiful scrub and over the years has held migrants in autumn because of it being sheltered from the prevailing wind.  A small area of Bramble/Elder scrub held 3+ Whitethroats, Chiffchaffs, one Reed Warbler feeding upon elderberries, and two Dunnock, a juvenile Robin, Blue Tits, and Chaffinch.  3 Red Kites soared overhead and a Sparrowhawk shot through.

Dawn at Wretham Heath on the 9th looked spectacular with low lying mist and fog eventually clearing to a warm, sunny morning. My aim was to visit Langmere to check for evidence of wader passage, it was also very productive for the numbers of arriving Goose species.  Entering the hide at Langmere I was immediately greeted by 7 Snipe on the muddy shore of the mere, also present was a single Common Sandpiper.

An overview of Langmere saw the arrivals of 100 Greylag Geese, 72+ Egyptian Geese, and 64 Canada Geese.  

A visit to the Watton Brook Valley near Threxton on the 10th saw a single Little Egret flying along the valley.  A large flock of 300+ Rooks was put up by the appearance of a low and fast Peregrine Falcon. Two Whitethroats were seen together in a bramble patch by the brook as was two Stonechats, one of which fed upon blackberries.

On the 11th in the Watton Brook valley between Little Cressingham and Bodney the visit began with a single Hobby drifting east over farmland and woodland until lost to view.  Migrants in the valley included one Whinchat, a Reed Warbler in thick cover, and two Blackcaps which included a ♂ taking an elderberry.  Beautiful scoped views of a ♀ Kestrel on a fencepost were had.

An elusive juvenile Reed Warbler at Little Cressingham 11 Sept (subsong was heard)

Whinchat at Bodney 11 Sept.

An early morning watch of the sky from the garden on the 12th saw two Little Egrets high over the town in a NW heading.  25+ Goldfinches seen in adjoining gardens and a ♀ Sparrowhawk passed through the garden low and at speed.

A pre-sunrise visit to Hockham (Rules Belt then Hockham Fen) was quite productive with ♂♀ Tawny Owls calling in Rules Belt area. At Hockham Fen at least 10 Chiffchaffs present (some song heard). Hawthorn and Birch scrub held Long-tailed Tits, Blue Tit, Coal Tit, Nuthatch, and Chiffchaff. Two Kestrels and Sparrowhawk seen and on the fen two Stonechats seen with a ♂ collecting a Zebra spider from long grasses.. At least 5 Siskins overhead.

Stonechat at Hockham 21 September 2025 (With Zebra Spider)

I visited Houghton on the 22nd with the aim of finding migrants as well as doing some vismigging.

The morning began with a Barn Owl in the former village site. A calling Raven was scoped in conifer woodland N/E of Houghton Common, later, two Ravens were seen north of the path leading to the church, these birds were engaged in chasing display and calling.

10+ Blackbirds and a Song Thrush were seen in bushes and hedgerow on Houghton Common.

Migrants included several Chiffchaffs (some singing), 3 Blackcaps (2♂♂ and one♀) seen with a ♂ seen to take an elderberry. A single Whinchat was very briefly seen on the hedge east of the church

Stepping out into the garden early on the 23rd I was immediately greeted by two Ravens quite low directly overhead flying in a SW heading..

On the 26th at Carbrooke a mobile Tit flock included a single Willow Warbler, this was a particularly yellow bird. 

I was working on the 27th and a short stop by the beautiful River Wensum at Billingford produced a calling Kingfisher , this bird flew towards me and briefly alighted on a tall weed before flying off again. A Green Woodpecker was calling.

On the 29th a single migrant Chiffchaff passed through the garden.

An overview of farmland near 'The Arms' at Little Cressingham on the 30th saw a flock of 250+ Rooks wandering over the land feeding. 4 Carrion Crows, two Ravens directly overhead heading west, a single Chiffchaff occasionally singing, two Marsh Tits, 40+ Chaffinches, 60+ Linnets, and a ♀ Sparrowhawk flying fast and low, an expected bird given the Finch activity. An overhead movement of 4 Cormorants in a westerly heading.

Late afternoon in the garden a Hobby passed directly overhead fast and with intent.

  

Little Cressingham (Watton Brook Valley) 11 September 2025 (0825-1115)

 A pleasant morning, however, the moderate to fresh SW wind had a cool feel to it, despite this it remained sunny throughout the morning.  

My visit this morning was on private land and my focus was on finding migrant species, this includes listening for calls which was a little difficult owing to the noise of the wind.  I had commanding views over this part of my patch from the top of a Bronze Age burial tumulus from where I sat for a while hoping for some visible migration, however, no birds were seen, but the views were spectacular.

Looking west from the Bronze Age tumulus 11 September 2025

Looking north from the Bronze Age tumulus 11 September 2025

The first migrant of the morning was a single Hobby drifting slowly east until lost to view.  I began my walk my slowly moving along Watton Brook whilst looking for movement (which was difficult due to the wind) and listening for alarm or agitated calls.  A few Stonechats were seen on posts, but then I heard a harsh "trrr" call followed by the subsong of a Reed Warbler, I could see some movement in the vegetation and eventually caught a partial sighting of a juvenile Reed Warbler between cover.

Migrant Reed Warbler (juvenile) in Watton Brook 11 September 2025

Continuing my walk along the valley I noticed the usual Stonechats on the fence, however, one similar sized bird was with them and I could see straight away that this bird had a bold supercillium, this was a Whinchat, a scarce but regular passage migrant on the patch.

Whinchat 11 September 2025

This Whinchat was notable different from the nearby Stonechats, even without optics the salient features of Whinchat was the obvious bold supercillium, and when seen head on it appeared a much paler bird, with optics I could see a slight pale peach blush to the breast.

Raptor species seen on this visit included 4 soaring Buzzards, one Red Kite on carrion, and a beautiful ♀ Kestrel which gave great views in direct sunlight on a post.

Given the wind strength, my final part of my visit was along the leeward side of woodland, here I heard a couple of Chiffchaffs, also present was two Blackcaps, including a ♂ bird seen eating elderberries.

East Wretham Heath 9 September 2025 (0650-1000)

 The morning of the 9th of September began cool with mist and some fog over low lying areas, it had a very autumnal feel to it.  

I drove the 10 miles between my home in Watton to the wonderful East Wretham Heath reserve, a stunningly beautiful and large heath where you could spend a whole day exploring a true Breckland landscape and habitat.

I arrived at Wretham Heath at sunrise with the vast open landscape and meres covered in a low lying fog, it looked incredibly beautiful.

The incredible East Wretham Heath at dawn on 8 September 2025.

Setting off over the heath from the car park I was met with about 25 Goldfinches in the Hawthorns, both Robin and Wren noted too.  I approached my regular viewing area over the heath and Langmere, the fog was still yet to burn off, however, it was so atmospheric. Despite the fog and mist I could hear calling Chiffchaffs and Coal Tits in the nearby Scots Pines.

The warming sun soon burnt off the fog and I was given a great opportunity to photograph some of the very fine Scots Pines and Birch trees.  The area of Scots Pine woodland is known as Waterloo Plantation, this beautiful mature woodland was planted in the early part of the 19 century in order to celebrate Wellingtons victory over Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo.

A beautiful Scots Pine on Wretham Heath

Scots Pine, Birch, and Hawthorn on Wretham Heath

As I was approaching the hide to overlook Langmere I heard a "Good Morning", it was Dawn Balmer, we entered the hide and immediately saw 7 Snipe on the muddy shore of Langmere as well as a single Common Sandpiper. A couple of Chiffchaffs were seen to the left of the hide searching for food amongst the willow leaves.  It was good to see Dawn again and have a catch up. 

One of the 7 Snipe at Langmere

Common Sandpiper at Langmere

Also seen around the muddy shores of Langmere was several Pied Wagtails and on the water common Duck species seen along with Little Grebe.

By the time I left the hide at Langmere the sun had certainly warmed things up and on my return walk I stopped at my regular viewing area which was now bathed in sunlight, it was whilst here that many flocks of Geese passed me to my right, or directly overhead, and settled on Langmere or the surrounding shore.  Some good totals of Geese seen with the highest number being Greylag Geese (100), also a high number of Egyptian Geese (72+) arrived and Canada Geese (64).  A single Meadow Pipit arrived, my first bird of the autumn.